8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2022 (in thousands):

Leases

We have operating leases for our corporate offices.

Operating leases with a term of 12 months or longer are included in ROU assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

Operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use the incremental borrowing rate of comparable companies from a representative peer group selected based on industry and market capitalization. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Vancouver lease arrangement

On November 19, 2018, we entered into a lease agreement, or the Vancouver Lease, for new office space in Vancouver, British Columbia, which commenced on February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the terms of the lease agreement, we leased approximately 2,367 square feet located at Suite 1030, The Grosvenor Building, 1040 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, B.C. The initial term of the Vancouver Lease will expire on January 31, 2023, with an option to extend the term for one further four-year period, at a base rent as agreed upon between the parties with a minimum value equal to the base rent payable in the last year of the initial term. The monthly base rent for the premises was approximately $5,200 commencing on February 1, 2019, and on February 1, 2021, increased to approximately $5,400. The landlord provided us with a construction allowance of approximately $14,200. In addition, we paid a

security deposit of approximately $18,600 upon entering into the lease agreement. The security deposit was reduced by the first month’s rent and operating expenses upon commencement of the Vancouver Lease. The Vancouver Lease was classified as an operating lease.

Future minimum lease payments under the Vancouver Lease are as follows (in thousands):

Seattle lease arrangement

On December 11, 2017, we entered into a lease, or the Seattle Lease, with 520 Pike Street, Inc., or Pike, pursuant to which we leased approximately 3,187 square feet located at Suite 2250 at 520 Pike Tower, Seattle, Washington, 98101, which commenced on March 1, 2018. The Seattle Lease expired on March 1, 2021 and was not renewed.

Our monthly base rent for the premises started at approximately $11,685 which commenced on March 1, 2018 and increased on an annual basis up to approximately $12,397. In addition, we paid a security deposit to Pike in the amount of $37,192, that was subject to periodic reductions on the anniversary of the Seattle Lease. After the first anniversary of the Seattle Lease, we received a payment of $12,397, after the second anniversary, $12,397 from the security deposit was applied against one month of rent and on termination of the Seattle Lease, we received a payment of the $12,397 for the remaining amount in the security deposit. The Seattle Lease was classified as an operating lease.

Consolidated rent expense relating to the Vancouver, British Columbia office, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $33,000. Consolidated rent expense relating to the Vancouver, British Columbia and Seattle Washington offices for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $42,000.   

Other information related to leases was as follows:

Guarantees and Indemnifications

We indemnify our officers, directors and certain consultants for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while the officer or director is or was serving at its request in such capacity. The term of the indemnification period is equal to the officer’s or director’s lifetime.

The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited; however, we have obtained director and officer insurance that limits our exposure and may enable us to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. We believe that the fair value of these indemnification obligations is minimal. Accordingly, we have not recognized any liabilities relating to these obligations as of March 31, 2022.

We have certain agreements with certain organizations with which we do business that contain indemnification provisions pursuant to which we typically agree to indemnify the party against certain types of third-party claims. We accrue for known indemnification issues when a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. There were no accruals for, or expenses related to, indemnification issues for any period presented.